DEVELOPMENT OF FLOOD-RESISTANT ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PROPOSALS ON AMASYA YALIBOYU HOUSE AND ITS SURROUNDING

Abstract

Introduction: Calamities, which are characterised as natural disasters, constitute a major problem on a global scale in terms of causing loss of both life and property. Although disaster risk reduction activities have been carried out in many countries, they still cause great losses. Turkey, as a country where many natural disasters have occurred and large-scale damages have occurred, still has problems in disaster management. The purpose of the study: The study aims to develop architectural design proposals to prevent a possible flood disaster in the context of the historic Yalıboyu house in Amasya, Turkey, in accordance with the principles outlined by FEMA and other organizations. While presenting the proposals, the height of the flood waters and the cultural characteristics of the historical texture were taken into consideration and it was tried not to damage the historical texture. Material and Method: In the flood-resistant building design, the principles of organizations such as FEMA, DSI, and AFAD were investigated, design solutions based on the acquired data were discussed in detail through an important historical structure and its surroundings located in the city of Amasya, Turkey. Results: The city of Amasya, located in the north of the country, has struggled with many natural disasters and suffered losses in the past. According to the 50, 100 and 500 year recurrence flood hydrograph, major floods are predicted to occur in the city. Considering that these floods may cause loss of life and property, it is important to take architectural measures and especially Yalıboyu houses, which stand out with their historical texture, under protection. In this historical texture, which is in direct contact with the Yeşilırmak River, suggestions were the first presented in the context of the building environment, and then architectural solutions were gradually developed based on the rise of flood waters at the building scale. Recreation areas that can form reservoirs and basins for undefined and empty areas, permeable materials for vehicular and pedestrian paths, raising the lower level of windows for buildings without high entrances and the use of barriers for doors are proposed for the building surroundings. At the building scale, measures were taken at the first stage by providing permeability with green walls with drainage systems at the points of the first contact with flood waters. In the following stages, flood barriers, flood-resistant building materials, basement fill and flood openings were used to prevent the contact of flood waters with the building. At the same time, it is possible to achieve environmental and economic gains with the rainwater collection system proposal. Conclusion: The proposed solutions have been a precaution against the predicted flood risk by not disturbing the texture reflecting the history of the city. Especially in order to prevent historical buildings from being affected by disasters, evaluations should be made on the basis of each disaster and solution proposals should be presented to the municipality and administrative authorities by the relevant professional groups and implementation should be started.